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IMPACTO DEL ESTRES OXIDATIVO SOBRE LA CAPACIDAD FECUNDANTE DEL GAMETO MASCULINO Y SU ASOCIACION CON ANTICUERPOS ANTIESPERMATOZOIDES

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IMPACTO DEL ESTRES OXIDATIVO SOBRE LA CAPACIDAD FECUNDANTE DEL GAMETO MASCULINO Y SU ASOCIACION CON ANTICUERPOS ANTIESPERMATOZOIDES

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La peroxidación lipídica es causa potencial de infertilidad masculina. El daño peroxidativo de la membrana conduce a inmovilidad y muerte celular. Los niveles en los que el espermatozoide pierde movilidad in vitro se correlacionan con la tasa de peroxidación lipídica que sufre.
calamera9.jpg Autor:
Calamera, Juan C
Columnista Experto de SIIC

Institución:
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine Virginia, USA

Artículos publicados por Calamera, Juan C
Coautores
Mariano Gabriel Buffone.*  Gustavo F. Doncel.** 
Bioquímico de la Universidad de Buenos Aires. Laboratorio de Estudios en Reproducción (LER), Buenos Aires, Argentina.*
Doctor en Medicina de la Universidad de Buenos Aires. Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine, Departament of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, EE.UU.**
Recepción del artículo
20 de Mayo, 2004 		Aprobación
10 de Agosto, 2004
Primera edición
21 de Octubre, 2004 		Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
7 de Junio, 2021

IMPACTO DEL ESTRES OXIDATIVO SOBRE LA CAPACIDAD FECUNDANTE DEL GAMETO MASCULINO Y SU ASOCIACION CON ANTICUERPOS ANTIESPERMATOZOIDES

Resumen
Se ha sugerido que la peroxidación lipídica es causa potencial de infertilidad masculina. El daño peroxidativo de la membrana conduce a inmovilidad y muerte celular. Los niveles en los que el espermatozoide pierde movilidad in vitro se correlacionan con la tasa de peroxidación lipídica que sufre. Sobre la base de estos conceptos desarrollamos un ensayo denominado estrés test modificado (MOST), que consiste en incubar espermatozoides provenientes de un swim up 4 horas a 40ºC, 5% CO2, en medio de cultivo de Ham F10). Los valores obtenidos por la división de los porcentajes de movilidad preincubación y posincubación, se correlacionaron con fertilización in vitro (FIV) anormal por causa de los espermatozoides. Observaciones preliminares indican que los anticuerpos antiespermatozoides (ASA), otra etiología de infertilidad masculina, podrían ser en parte la causa de los niveles bajos de MOST (anormal). Un estudio retrospectivo de 650 muestras de semen ASA positivos y ASA negativos confirmó esta asociación fundamentada en la significación estadística. El agregado exógeno de ASA, no obstante, no aumentó la tasa de pérdida de movilidad en los espermatozoides normales, creando dudas sobre una posible relación causal entre ASA y valores de MOST anormales. En cambio, esta combinación del fenotipo espermático patológico puede estar relacionada con un defecto común de la membrana plasmática del espermatozoide.

Palabras clave
Anticuerpos antiespermatozoides, peroxidación lipídica, estrés test modificado, movilidad espermática, malondialdehído


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Abstract
Lipid peroxidation has been suggested as a potential cause of male infertility. Peroxidative damage of the sperm membrane leads to inmotility and cell death. The rate at which spermatozoa lose motility in vitro has been correlated with the rate at which they undergo lipid peroxidation. Based on this premise, we developed an assay, the modified sperm stress test (MOST) which consists of incubations of swim up sperm for 4 hours at 40ºC, 5% CO2, in Ham's F10 medium. Scores obtained from dividing post-incubation by pre-incubation motility percentages, a measure of accelerated motility loss, have been correlated with sperm-related abnormal in-vitro fertilization (IVF) rates. Preliminary observations further indicated that antisperm antibodies (ASA), another known etiology of male infertility, could be in part the cause for low (abnormal) MOST scores. A full retrospective study involving 650 ASA positive and negative semen samples confirmed this association, endowing it with statistical significance. Exogenously added ASA, however, did not increase the rate of motility loss in normal spermatozoa, casting doubts over a possible causal relationship between ASA and abnormal MOST scores. Instead, this combined pathological sperm phenotype might be related to a common sperm plasma membrane defect.

Key words
Antisperm antibodies, lipid peroxidation, sperm stress test, sperm motility, malondialdehyde

Clasificación en siicsalud
Artículos originales > Expertos de Iberoamérica >
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Especialidades
Principal: Urología
Relacionadas: Bioquímica, Medicina Reproductiva, Obstetricia y Ginecología



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Bibliografía del artículo
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