Suscriptores   Asóciese  
Textos Completos Autorizados
MODERNOS CONCEITOS NO CONTROLE DA ASCARIDIASE COM ENFOQUE NO TRATAMENTO

v-estudie-lo-mejor.gif
Expertos Invitados





MODERNOS CONCEITOS NO CONTROLE DA ASCARIDIASE COM ENFOQUE NO TRATAMENTO

(especial para SIIC © Derechos reservados)
Este artigo de revisão descreve estratégias eficazes para combinar tratamento eficiente barato e seguro, com saneamento e educação em saúde, obtendo assim resultados permanentes no controle da ascaridíase.
laramassara9.jpg Autor:
Cristiano Lara Massara
Columnista Experto de SIIC

Institución:
Laboratório de Helmintoses Intestinais, Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou, FIOCRUZ

Artículos publicados por Cristiano Lara Massara
Coautor
Martin Johannes Enk* 
MD, Laboratório de Educação em Saúde, Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Brasil*
Recepción del artículo
11 de Abril, 2006 		Aprobación
2 de Mayo, 2006
Primera edición
1 de Agosto, 2006 		Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
7 de Junio, 2021

MODERNOS CONCEITOS NO CONTROLE DA ASCARIDIASE COM ENFOQUE NO TRATAMENTO

Resumen
A ascaridíase é a infecção mais comum entre as helmintoses. Este fato já é suficiente para mostrar a importância desta doença para a saúde pública. O grupo mais infectado são escolares entre 5 e 10 anos. Estes indivíduos apresentam atraso no desenvolvimento cognitivo e físico ao longo da vida, se infectados com cargas baixas ou médias. Em caso de infecção com cargas altas, este fato se agrava, apresentando sintomas clínicos que podem ser graves e levar até a morte. Como o número absoluto dos infectados está aumentando, especialmente em áreas tropicais e sub-tropicais, onde se encontram a maioria dos países em desenvolvimento, um dos pilares para conter esta endemia é o tratamento. Infelizmente os efeitos só do tratamento não são permanentes. Por isso, são necessárias estratégias eficazes para combinar este tratamento eficiente, barato e seguro com saneamento e educação em saúde, para obter resultados positivos permanentes através de desenvolvimento da infra-estrutura e conscientização da população e de seus líderes.

Palabras clave
ascaris lumbricoides, tratamento, saneamento, educação em saúde, controle


Artículo completo
(castellano)
Extensión:  +/-9.3 páginas impresas en papel A4
Exclusivo para suscriptores/assinantes

MODERN CONCEPTS IN THE CONTROL OF ASCARIASIS WITH FOCUS ON TREATMENT

Abstract
Infection with Ascaris lumbricoides constitutes the most common helminthic disease worldwide. This fact by itself demonstrates the public health importance of this infection. Furthermore, children of ages between 5 and 10 years constitute the most infected group. Many of these individuals present a delay on physical and mental development in case of light and moderate infections. Patients with heavy infections may present clinical manifestations of different severity including death. One of the most important barriers in the control of this disease is related to its geographic distribution. Most of the infections occur in sub-tropical and tropical regions, where most developing countries are located. Furthermore, the total number of infected individuals is raising and unfortunately, the effects of treatment are not long-lasting or permanent. Therefore, efficient strategies which combine this treatment, which is cheap, save and effective, with sanitation and health education in order to achieve long-lasting positive results through infrastructural development and increased awareness of the population and its leaders is needed to achieve better control of these diseases.

Key words
ascaris lumbricoides, ascariasis, treatment, health education, sanitation, control

Clasificación en siicsalud
Artículos originales > Expertos de Iberoamérica >
página   www.siicsalud.com/des/expertocompleto.php/

Especialidades
Principal: Infectología
Relacionadas: Diagnóstico por Imágenes, Epidemiología, Farmacología, Medicina Interna



Comprar este artículo
Extensión: 9.3 páginas impresas en papel A4

file05.gif (1491 bytes) Artículos seleccionados para su compra



Enviar correspondencia a:
Cristiano Lara Massara, Laboratório de Helmintoses Intestinais, Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 30190-002, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715 - Barro Preto, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
Bibliografía del artículo
1. Crompton DWT. Ascaris and ascariasis. Adv. Parasitol 2001; 48:285-375.
2. World Health Organization. Prevention and control of schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis. Technical Report Series 2002; 912. Geneva: WHO.
3. Chan MS, Medley GF, Jamison D, Bundy DAP. The evaluation of potential global mortality attributable to intestinal nematode infections. Parasitology 1994; 109:373-387.
4. Peters W. Medical aspects - comments and discussion. II Symposia of the British Society for Parasitology. Blackwell Scientific Press, Oxford, UK 1978; 16:25-40.
5. Crompton DWT. Ascaris lumbricoides. In parasitic and infection disease. Scott ME, Smith G (Eds), Academic Press, London and New York 1994; pp. 175-196.
6. Chan MS. The global burden of intestinal nematode infections - fifty years on. Parasitol Today 1997; 13:438-443.
7. Stephenson LS. The impact of helminth infections on human nutrition (1987) Taylor & Francis. London and Philadelphia.
8. Nokes C, Grantham-Mcgregor SM, Sawyer AW et al. Parasitic helminth infection and cognitive function in school children. Proc R Soc London 1992; 247:77-81.
9. World Bank. Investing in health. World Development Report (1993): Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
10. Massara CL, Ferreira, RS, Guerra HL, Carvalho OS. In vitro study action on viability of Ascaris lumbricoides (Lineu 1758) eggs. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2001; 34:319-322.
11. Olsen A, Permin A, Roepstorff A. Chickens and pigs as transport hosts for Ascaris, Trichuris and Oesophagostomum eggs. Parasitology 2001; 123:325-330.
12. Goulart EG, Bernardes YSMT, Lima SME et al. Contaminação enteroparasitária nas águas praianas da Baia da Guanabara. Rev Bras Farm 1985; 66:62-66.
13. Amaral ADF, Leal RA. Sobre o encontro de ovos viáveis de Ascaris lumbricoides e de Trichuris trichiura em adubo constituído de resíduos de esgoto. Rev Biol Hig 1940; 11:35-39.
14. Goulart EG, Jourdan MC, Hahnstadt TRL et al. Avaliação da eficácia do tratamento de esgotos da estação da Ilha do Governador sobre as formas infectantes e infestantes dos enteroparasitas. Folha Med 1984; 89:9-13.
15.Coelho LMPS, Sobrinho TA, Oliveira SM et al. Ovos e larvas de helmintos nos sanitários de pré-escolas municipais de Sorocaba, SP e suas freqüências nas fezes das crianças. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 1999; 32:647-652.
16. Oliveira CAF, Germano PML. Estudo da ocorrência de enteroparasitas em hortaliças comercializadas na região metropolitana de São Paulo, SP, Brasil. I-Pesquisa de helmintos. Rev Saúde Pública 1992; 26:283-289.
17. Tsuji OV, Barbosa IM, Zavala JT, Hernandez AR, Torres AP. Verduras de consumo humano como probable fuente de infección de Toxocara sp. para el hombre. Bol Chil Parasitol 1997; 52:47-50.
18. Guilherme ALF, Araujo SM, Falavigna DLM et al. Prevalência de enteroparasitas em horticultores e hortaliças da Feira do Produtor de Maringá, Paraná. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 1999; 32:405-411.
19. Mesquita VCL, Serra CMB, Bastos OMP, Uchôa CMA. Contaminação por enteroparasitas em hortaliças comercializadas nas cidades de Niterói e Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 1999; 32:363-366.
20. Massara CL, Costa HMA, Souza DWC, Souza WSL, Carvalho OS. Viability of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs eliminated after anti-helminthic therapy. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 1991; 86:233-237.
21. Carvalho OS, Guerra HL, Massara CL. Development of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs from females eliminated after chemotherapy in man. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 1992; 87:49-51.
22. Pessoa SB, Martins AV. Superfamília Ascaróidea. In: Parasitologia Medica. Guanabara Koogan AS (Ed.), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil (1982) pp. 568-585.
23. Massara CL, Ferreira RS, Andrade LD, Guerra HL, Carvalho OS. Effects of detergents and disinfectants on the development of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs. Cad Saúde Pública 2003; 19:335-340.
24. Georgiev VS. Pharmacotherapy of ascariasis. Exp Opin Pharmacother 2001; 2:223-239.
25. Minkler M. Improving health through community organization. In Health behavior and health education. Glanz K, Lewis FM, Rimer BK (Eds.), Jossey-Bass Publishers, San Francisco, USA (1990) pp. 257-287.
26. De Silva NR, Chan MS, Bundy DAP. Morbidity and mortality due to ascariasis: re-estimation and sensitivity analysis of global numbers at risk. Trop Med Int Health 1997; 2:519-528.
27. De Silva NR, Guyatt HL, Bundy DAP. Morbidity and mortality due to Ascaris-induced intestinal obstruction. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1997; 91:31-36.
28. Montresor A, Crompton DWT, Hall A, Bundy DAP, Savioli L. Guidelines for the evaluation of soil-transmitted helminthiasis and schistosomiasis at community level. WHO 1998; CTD/SIP/98.1.
29. World Health Organization. Report of the WHO informal consultation on the use of praziquantel during pregnancy/lactation and albendazol/mebendazol in children under 24 months. WHO/CDS/CPE/PVC/2002.4.
30. Warren KS, Bundy DAP, Anderson RM et al. Helminthic infection. In: disease control priorities in developing countries. Jamison DT, Mosley WH, Measham AR, Bobadilla JL (Eds), Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK (1993) pp. 131-160.
31. Partnership For Child Development: The health and nutritional status of schoolchildren in Africa: evidence from school based programmes in Ghana and Tanzania. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1998; 92:254-261.
32. Savioli L, Neira M, Albonico M et al. Treatment for intestinal helminth infection (letters). Br Med J 2000; 321:1226.1227.
33. Andersen RM, May RM. Helminth infections of humans mathematical models, population dynamics and control. Adv Parasitol (1985) 24:1-101.
34. Chan MS, Srividya A, Norman RA et al. EPIFIL: a dynamic modelo of infections and disease in lymphatic filariasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1998; 559:606-614.
35. Chan MS, Guyatt HL, Bundy DAP, Medley GF. The development and validation of an age-structured model for the evaluation of disease control strategies for intestinal helminthes. Parasitology 1994; 109:389-396.
36. Guyatt HL, Chan MS, Medley GF, Bundy DAP. Control of Ascaris infection by chemotherapy: which is the most cost-effective options? Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1995; 89:16-20.
37. World Health Organization. The use of essencial drugs. WHO Techinical Report Series 2000; 895. Geneva: WHO.
38. World Health Organization: The use of essencial drugs. WHO Techinical Report Series 1997; 867. Geneva: WHO.
39. Sawaros V. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatograpy diagnosis and extraction of massive biliary ascariasis presented with acute pancreatitis: a case report. J Med Assoc Thai 1999; 82:515-519.
40. Paul I, Gnanamani G. Quantitative assessment of Ascaris lumbricoides infection in schoolchildren from a slum in Visakhapatnam, south India. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1999; 30:572-575.
41. Maisonneuve H, Rossignol JF, Addo A, Mojon M. Ovicidal effects of albendazole in human ascariasis, ancylostomiasis and trichuriasis. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 1985; 79:79-82.
42.Dollery CT. Albendazol. IN: Therapeutic drugs (Vol 1) (2nd edn.) Churchill Livingstone, Edinburg, UK 1999; pp. A51-A53.
43. Marriner SE, Morris DL, Dickson B, Bogan JA. Phamacokinetics of albendazole in man. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1986; 30:705-708.
44. Gottschall DW, Theodorides VJ, Wang R. The metabolism of benzimidozoles. Parasitol Today 1990; 6:115-120.
45. Dayan AD. Albendazole, mebendazole and praziquantel. Review of non-clinical toxicity and pharmacokinetics. Acta Trop 2003; 86:141-149.
46. Albonico M, Crompton DWT, Savioli L. Control strategies for human intestinal nematode infections. Adv Parasitol 1999; 42:277-341.
47. Belizario VY, Amarillo ME, De Leon WU, De los Reyes AE, Bugayong MG, Macatangay BJC. A comparison of the efficacy of single doses of albendazole. ivermectin and diethylcarbamazine alone or in combinations against Ascaris and Trichuris spp. Bull World Health Organ 2003; 81:35-42.
48. Evans AC, Hollmann AW, Du Preez L. Mebendazole 500 mg for single-dose treatment of nematode infestation. S Afr Med J 1987; 72:665-667.
49. Dollery CT. Mebendazole. In: Therapeutic drugs (Vol 1) (2nd edn.), Churchill Livingstone, Edinburg 1999; pp. M12-M15.
50. Albonico M, Bickle Q, Ramsan M, Montresor A, Savioli L, Taylor M. Efficacy of mebendazole and levamisole alone or in combination for the treatment of soil transmitted nematode infections following repeated target mebendazole treatment in Zanzibar. Bull World Halth Organ 2003; 81:343-352.
51. De Silva NR, Sirisena JLGL, Gunasekera DPS, Ismail MM, De Silva HJ. Effect of mebendazole therapy during pregnancy on birth outcome. Lancet 1999; 353:1145-1149.
52. Montresor A, Awasthi S, Crompton DWT. Use of benzimidazoles in children younger than 24 months for the treatment of soil-transmitted helminthiasis. Acta Trop 2003; 86:223-232.
53. Martin RJ. Neuromuscular transmission in nematode parasites and antinematodal drug action. Pharmacol Ther 1993; 58:13-50.
54. Souza MSL, Souza DWC, Carvalho OS, Neves J, Massara CL. Viabilidade de ovos de Ascaris lumbricoides após tratamento humano com medicamentos específicos. I. Levamisole e pamoato de pirantel. Rev Inst Med Trop São Paulo 1985; 27:197-200.
55. Aubry ML, Cowell P, Davey MJ, Shevde S. Aspects of the pharmacology of a new anthelmintic: pyrantel. Br J Pharmacol 1970; 38:332-344.
56. Webster LT. Drugs used in the chemotherapy of helminthiasis. In: The pharmacological basis of therapeutics. Goodman Gilman A, Rall TW, Niels AS, Taylor P (Eds), Pergamon Press, NY, USA (1991) pp. 959-977.
57. Guyatt HL, Bundy DAP. Estimating prevalence of community morbidity due to intestinal helminthes: prevalence of infection as an indicator of the prevalence of disease. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg (1991; 85:778-782.
58. Awasthi S, Bundy DAP, Savioli L. Helminthic infections Br Med J 2003; 327:431-433.
59. Hall A, Anwark KS, Tomkins AM. Intensity of re-infection with Ascaris lumbricoides and its implication for parasite control. Lancet 1992; 339:1253-1257.
60. Montresor A. Gyorkos T, Crompton DWT, Savioli L. Helminth control in school-age children. World Health Organization 2002; Geneva.
61. El Garhy MF, Mahmoud LH. Anthelmintic efficacy of traditional herbs on Ascaris lumbricoides. J Egypt Soc Parasitol 2002; 32:893-900.
62. Fagbenro-Beyioku AF, Oyibo WA, Anuforum BC. Disinfectant/antiparasitic activities of Jatropha curcas. East Afr Med J 1998; 508-511.
63. Guimarães DL, Llanos RSN, Acevedo JHR. Ascaridiasis: comparación de la eficácia terapéutica entre paico y albendazole em ninõs de Huaraz. Rev Gastroenterol Peru 2001; 21:212-219.
64. Tandon V, Pal P, Roy B, Rao HSP, Reddy KS. In vitro anthelmintic activity of root-tuber extract of Flemingia vestita, an indigenous plant in Shillong, India. Parasitol Res 1997; 83:492-498.
65. Liangmin L. Clinical observation on combined use of herbal medicine and acumpucture for treatment of 50 cases of biliary ascariasis complicated by infection. J Tradit Chin Med 1996; 16:194-197.
66. Nakazawa GRA. Traditional medicine in the treatment of enteroparasitosis. Rev Gastroenterol Peru 1996; 16:197-202.
67. Chaves A et al. Eficácia antihelmíntica de la semilla de Papaya en niños de la comunidad de Nueva Palestina y Santa Rosa Provincia Marbán, Departamento Beni (1990) Dirección de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica. UTB Bolivia.
68. Fakae BB, Cabpel AM, Barret J, et al. Inhibition of glutathione S-transferase (GSTs) from parasitic nematodes by extracts from tradicitional Nigerian medicinal plants. Phytother Res 2000; 14:630-634.
69. Navarrete A, Honge E. Anthelmintic properties of a-sanshool from Zanthoxylum liebmannianum. Planta Med 1996; 62:250-251.
70. Satrija F, Nansen P, Bjorn H, Murtini S, He S. Effect of papaya latex against Ascaris suum in naturally infected pigs. J Helminthol 1994; 68:343-346.
71. Sauvain M. Revista bibliográfica comentada sobre la compoisición química y la actividade biológica de las semillas de Carica papaya. IBBA - ORSTON - La Paz (1991).
72. Ortega C. Apuntes etnobotánicos. Conaplamed, Venezuela 1997.
73. Barreto MP. Movimentos migratórios e sua importância na epidemiologia das doenças parasitárias. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 1967; 1:91-102.
74. Albonico M, Shamlaye N, Shamlae C, Savioli L. The control of intestinal parasitic infection in the Seychelles: a comprehensive and sustainable approach. Bull World Health Organ 1996; 74:577-586.
75. Hadidjaja P, Bonang E, Suyard MA, Abidin SAN, Ismid ISS, Margono SS. The effect of intervention methods on nutritional status and cognitive function of primary school children infected with Ascaris lumbricoides. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1998; 59:791-195.
76. Schall VT. Health education for children in the control of schistosomiasis. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 1987; 82:285-292.
77. Gomes Dos Santos M, Massara CL, Morais GS. Conhecimento sobre helmintoses intestinais de crianças de uma escola de Minas Gerais. Ciênc Cult 1990; 42:188-194.
78. Gomes Dos Santos M, Moreira MM, Malaquias ML, Schall VT. Educação em Saúde em escolas públicas de 1° grau da periferia de Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. II - Conhecimento, opiniões e prevalência de helmintíases entre os alunos e professores. Rev Inst Med Trop São Paulo 1993; 35:573-579.
79. Schall VT, Diniz MCP. Information and education in schistosomiasis control: an analysis of the situation in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2001; 96:35-43.
80. Asaolu SO, Ofoezie IE. The role of health education and sanitation in the control of helminth infections. Acta Trop 2003; 86:283-294.
81. Elkins DB, Haswell-Elkins M, Anderson RM. The importance of host age and sex to patterns in South Indian fishing community. Parasitology 1998; 30:977-983.
82. Cram EB. The egg-producting capacity of Ascaris lumbricoides. 83. Yokogawa M. JOICFPs experience in the control of ascariasis within an integrated programme. In: Ascariasis and its public health significance. Crompton DWT, Nesheim MC and Pawlowski ZS (Eds), Taylor & Francis, London and Philadelphia (1985) pp. 265-277.
84. Gyorkos TW. Monitoring and evaluation of large scale helminth control programmes. Acta Trop 2003; 86:275-282.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Está expresamente prohibida la redistribución y la redifusión de todo o parte de los contenidos de la Sociedad Iberoamericana de Información Científica (SIIC) S.A. sin previo y expreso consentimiento de SIIC.
ua31618
Acerca de SIIC   Estructura de SIIC   Fuentes informativas  

Sociedad Iberoamericana de Información Científica

Copyright siicsalud© 1997-2024 ISSN siicsalud: 1667-9008
ua31517