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CONSIDERAÇOES SOBRE A PATOGENESE DA HEPATITE AUTO-IMUNE

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CONSIDERAÇOES SOBRE A PATOGENESE DA HEPATITE AUTO-IMUNE

(especial para SIIC © Derechos reservados)
A busca de fatores de suscetibilidade genética é claramente importante devido à natureza auto-imune da doença. O fator mais importante já demonstrado é o gene HLA-DRB1, mas outros genes podem ter um papel no desencadeamento da doença.
gold9.jpg Autor:
Goldberg, Anna Carla
Columnista Experto de SIIC

Institución:
Hospital Português Salvador, Bahia, Brasil

Artículos publicados por Goldberg, Anna Carla
Coautores
Paulo Lisboa Bittencourt. Doutor em Gastroent*  Gilda Porta. Professora Livre Docente em Gast* 
*
Recepción del artículo
22 de Junio, 2004 		Aprobación
16 de Septiembre, 2004
Primera edición
30 de Noviembre, 2004 		Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
7 de Junio, 2021

CONSIDERAÇOES SOBRE A PATOGENESE DA HEPATITE AUTO-IMUNE

Resumen
A hepatite auto-imune (HAI) é uma doença inflamatória crônica do fígado que evolui para cirrose hepática, na ausência de tratamento imunossupressor. Bastante rara, pode acometer adultos e crianças. A base de sua classificação é a presença de auto-anticorpos circulantes, mas a doença é predominantemente causada por auto-imunidade celular. Em algumas formas da doença, os alvos antigênicos já puderam ser localizados, mas na maioria dos pacientes este é ainda desconhecido. A busca de fatores de suscetibilidade genética é claramente importante devido à natureza auto-imune da doença. O fator mais importante já demonstrado é o gene HLA-DRB1, mas outros genes podem ter um papel no desencadeamento da doença. A presença de certas variantes do gene HLA-DRB1 é um significante fator de risco. Alelos diferentes de HLA-DRB1, conforme a origem geográfica dos pacientes e de acordo com a forma clínica da doença, foram associados à HAI, indicando um quadro complexo e multifatorial onde participam outros fatores genéticos e ambientais ainda não conhecidos.

Palabras clave
Hepatite auto-imune, autoanticorpos, autoantígenos, susceptibilidade genética, antígenos HLA


Artículo completo
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INSIGHTS INTO THE PATHOGENESIS OF AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS

Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis is a chronic liver disease of unknown cause that leads, when untreated, to cirrhosis and liver failure. This rare disease affects adults and children and usually responds well to immunossupressive therapy. Autoimmune hepatitis is classified in two distinct types according to the autoantibody profile. Although the hallmark of the disease is the presence of autoantibodies in high titers, AIH is considered a cell mediated autoimmune disorder. Several antigens have been implicated in the disease pathogenesis, but in most patients, the target molecules involved remain to be established. Genetic susceptibility is clearly important due to the autoimmune nature of the disease. The major susceptibility factor identified up to now is the HLA-DRB1 locus but other genes may play a role in the development of the disease. Different alleles have been associated with the disease in different parts of the world. These findings altogether point to a complex interplay of MHC and non-MHC linked genetic factors and yet unknown environmental triggers in the pathogenesis of autoimmune hepatitis.

Key words
Autoimmune hepatitis, autoantibodies, autoantigens, genetic susceptibility, HLA antigens

Clasificación en siicsalud
Artículos originales > Expertos de Iberoamérica >
página   www.siicsalud.com/des/expertocompleto.php/

Especialidades
Principal: Gastroenterología
Relacionadas: Infectología, Inmunología, Medicina Interna



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Goldberg, Anna Carla
Patrocinio y reconocimiento:
Parte dos trabalhos produzidos pelos autores foram financiados pelo CNPq.
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