COMO COMBATIR LA RESISTENCIA A LOS ANTIBIOTICOS





COMO COMBATIR LA RESISTENCIA A LOS ANTIBIOTICOS

(especial para SIIC © Derechos reservados)
Dado que se puede anticipar una escasez crítica de nuevas clases de antibióticos en el futuro cercano, es urgentemente necesario reducir en forma sustancial la tasa de consumo de antibióticos.
Autor:
Pablo Yagupsky
Columnista Experto de SIIC

Institución:
University of the Negev


Artículos publicados por Pablo Yagupsky
Recepción del artículo
26 de Octubre, 2008
Aprobación
29 de Septiembre, 2009
Primera edición
29 de Septiembre, 2009
Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
7 de Junio, 2021

Resumen
En los últimos años el papel de la comunidad como terreno propicio para los organismos resistentes a los antibióticos ha tenido un creciente reconocimiento. El mal uso de las drogas antimicrobianas para el tratamiento de las infecciones virales, las dosis insuficientes, la toma errática de los antibióticos, el uso de macrólidos de acción prolongada y de antibióticos de amplio espectro y la accesibilidad de antimicrobianos de venta libre son los principales impulsores del incremento de la resistencia. El problema se agrava aun más debido a la reducción de muchos programas de investigación y desarrollo de antibióticos por parte de la industria farmacéutica. Dado que se puede anticipar una escasez crítica de nuevas clases de antibióticos en el futuro cercano, es urgentemente necesario reducir en forma sustancial la tasa de consumo de antibióticos. La educación de los médicos y del público sobre el uso correcto de estas drogas, el desarrollo de métodos de laboratorio rápidos y confiables que permitan diferenciar una infección viral de una bacteriana en el lugar de atención médica, la vacunación amplia con los agentes patógenos frecuentes en pediatría y ofrecer incentivos a la industria farmacéutica para que desarrolle nuevas drogas son factores clave en la lucha contra este problema que amenaza la salud pública.

Palabras clave
resistencia a los antibióticos, consumo de antibióticos, comunidad


Artículo completo

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Abstract
In recent years the role of the community as a breeding ground for antibiotic-resistant organisms is being increasingly recognized. Misuse of antimicrobial drugs for treating viral infections, insufficient dosage, erratic antibiotic intake, use of long-acting macrolides and broad spectrum antibiotics, and accessibility of over-the-counter antimicrobials are the main drivers of increasing resistance. The problem is further aggravated by the reduction of many antibiotic discovery programs by the pharmaceutical industry. Because a critical shortage of new antibiotic classes can be anticipated in the near future, a substantial reduction in the current antibiotic consumption rates is urgently needed. Education of physicians and the public on the correct use of these drugs, development of rapid and reliable laboratory methods to distinguish between viral and bacterial infections at the point of care, widespread vaccination against common pediatric pathogens, and offering economic incentives to the pharmaceutical industry to develop new drugs are key issues in fighting this threatening public health problem.

Key words
antibiotic resistance, antibiotic consumption, community


Full text
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Clasificación en siicsalud
Artículos originales > Expertos del Mundo >
página   www.siicsalud.com/des/expertocompleto.php/

Especialidades
Principal: Infectología
Relacionadas: Atención Primaria, Cuidados Intensivos, Epidemiología, Farmacología, Geriatría, Medicina Familiar, Medicina Interna, Pediatría



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Enviar correspondencia a:
Pablo Yagupsky, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Soroka University Medical Center Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, 84101, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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