HEPATITE C: ¿TRANSMISSAO SEXUAL OU INTRAFAMILIAR?





HEPATITE C: ¿TRANSMISSAO SEXUAL OU INTRAFAMILIAR?

(especial para SIIC © Derechos reservados)
A revisão discute os trabalhos que envolvem o contato sexual e intrafamiliar do caso index portador do VHC.
cavalheiro9_o1410.jpg Autor:
Norma De Paula Cavalheiro
Columnista Experta de SIIC

Institución:
University of São Paulo


Artículos publicados por Norma De Paula Cavalheiro
Recepción del artículo
22 de Junio, 2010
Aprobación
29 de Septiembre, 2012
Primera edición
15 de Octubre, 2012
Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
7 de Junio, 2021

Resumen
O papel e a rota da provável (El papel y la vía de la posible) transmissão sexual do vírus da hepatite C (VHC) ainda são controversos e devemos (aún son controvertidos y debemos) considerar várias circunstâncias que poderiam interferir na aquisição da doença (que podrían interferir en la adquisición de la enfermedad); dentro deste contexto o tempo de convivência com parceiro sabidamente (el tiempo de convivencia con una pareja confirmada como) VHC positivo, a presença de partículas virais nas secreções (la presencia de partículas virales en las secreciones) humanas; sêmen, saliva e sangue menstrual (y sangre menstrual), número de parceiros, sexo pago, homens que fazem sexo com (que tienen sexo con) homens, traumas durante a relação, história de doenças (antecedentes de enfermedades) sexualmente transmissíveis, infecção prévia pelo (previa por el) VIH, etc. A rota de transmissão de homem para mulher (La vía de transmisión del hombre hacia la mujer) parece ser mais favorável que de mulher para homem. A discussão sobre os riscos (La discusión acerca de los riesgos) de transmissão sexual do VHC quando existe um caso índex no domicilio (un caso índice en el hogar), se confundem com o convívio familiar (con la convivencia familiar), especialmente quando se considera o compartilhamento de utensílios (comparten los utensilios) de higiene pessoal, em destaque os que apresentam (con relieve para los que preentan) riscos de exposição parenteral, por exemplo, a lâmina de barbear (la hoja de afeitar), cortadores de unhas, alicates de manicure e escova de dente (cepillo de dientes). Os trabalhos recentes focam os riscos de transmissão sexual do VHC nas relações que envolvem traumas e os (en las relaciones que involucran traumas y los) pacientes que apresentam a infecção prévia pelo HIV. A população de homens que fazem sexo com homens também foi alvo de grande número de pesquisas (también fue blanco de un gran número de investigaciones). O perfil epidemiológico da Hepatite C está em pleno movimento alterando rotas de distribuição e transmissão do vírus. Este novo perfil interfere nas ações de prevenção da doença e pode definir quais grupos (en las acciones de prevención de la enfermedad y puede definir cuáles son los grupos) populacionais devem ser assistidos com prioridade.

Palabras clave
hepatite C, transmissão, sexual, intrafamiliar


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Abstract
The likely route of the sexual transmission of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is still controversial. We consider the various circumstances that could affect the acquisition of the disease such as: 1) the time of living with a partner known to be HCV positive; 2) the presence of viral particles in human secretions, sperm, saliva and menstrual blood; 3) the number of partners; 4) men who have sex with men, and 5) trauma during intercourse, etc. The route of transmission from men to women seems to be more favourable than from woman to man. Also the history of sexually transmitted diseases and prior infection with HIV are important. We discuss the risks of sexual transmission of HCV in the home where personal hygiene items are shared by individuals who are thereby at risk of exposure via razors, nail clippers, and toothbrushes, for example. Recent work has focused on the probable sexual transmission of HCV in relationships that involve trauma and on patients who have been infected with HIV. The population of men who have sex with men are targeted by a large number studies. The HCV epidemiological profile depends on changing routes of distribution and transmission of the virus. Our new profile affects the prevention of disease and can determine which population groups should be assisted with priority.

Key words
hepatitis C, transmission, sexual, intrafamilial


Clasificación en siicsalud
Artículos originales > Expertos de Iberoamérica >
página   www.siicsalud.com/des/expertocompleto.php/

Especialidades
Principal: Epidemiología, Infectología
Relacionadas: Atención Primaria, Bioquímica, Diagnóstico por Laboratorio, Gastroenterología, Medicina Familiar, Medicina Interna



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Norma de Paula Cavalheiro, University of São Paulo, 05403-000, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 500, 1 andar, sala 12, São Paulo, Brasil
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